Copper deficiency made worse by

  • Organic soils
  • Chalky soils
  • Sandy soils
  • Reclaimed heathland
  • High nitrogen applications

Copper is important for

  • Essential for electron transport in photosynthesis and lignin synthesis as constituent of enzymes
  • Involved in carbohydrate, lipid and nitrogen metabolism
  • Pollen viability
  • Needed for proper growth of well-formed and healthy green leaves